玛旁雍错(Lake Manasarovar),位于西藏自治区阿里地区普兰县东北约35.0千米,西与拉昂错相邻。玛旁雍错原是外流湖,其后又因冈底斯山前洪水、冰水堆积,堵塞河谷,演变成为内陆湖。
| 纳木那尼峰(Gurla Mandhata) |
玛旁雍错为内陆淡水湖, 水位4586.00米,最大水深81.80米,平均水深约46.00米,蓄水量200.0×108立方米,是世界上高海拔地区淡水资源量最丰富的湖泊之一。玛旁雍错湖区年均气温2.0℃左右,多年平均降水量约168.6毫米。
玛旁雍错在藏语中意为“永恒不败的碧玉湖”,起因是11世纪在湖畔进行的一场宗教大战,结果,藏传佛教噶举派大胜外道黑教,“玛旁”就是纪念佛教的胜利,此湖因而得名。
| 棕头鸥 |
神圣的宗教意义
与冈仁波齐峰一样,玛旁雍错在印度教、佛教、耆那教和苯教中都拥有至高无上的神圣地位。
印度教:梵文名字意为“始于梵天心智的湖泊”。信徒相信它是主神梵天用思想创造出来的。他们认为在湖中沐浴或饮用湖水可以洗净一生的罪孽。
佛教:佛教徒认为这里是传说中的阿耨达池。相传佛陀的母亲曾在这里沐浴,净化了身体后才孕育了佛陀。
自然奇观(太阳与月亮):玛旁雍错的西侧紧邻着拉昂错(Rakshastal)。拉昂错是一座咸水湖,几乎没有动植物生存,被称为“鬼湖”。这两座湖由一条名为“江楚河”的天然水道相连。信徒们常把这两座一淡一咸、一圣一鬼的湖泊比作宇宙中的“太阳与月亮”。
Lake Manasarovar is located in the Ngari Prefecture of Tibet, China. It is one of the highest freshwater lakes in the world. The lake sits at the southern foot of Mount Kailash at an altitude of 4,588 meters. It is one of the three holy lakes of Tibet. Its Tibetan name means "Eternal and Invincible Turquoise Lake."The lake covers an area of about 412 square kilometers. Its water is incredibly clear. On sunny days, the bright blue water perfectly mirrors the nearby snowy mountains.
Religious Importance
Just like Mount Kailash, Lake Manasarovar is deeply sacred to four religions. These are Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Bon.
Hinduism: The Sanskrit name means "Lake of the Mind of Brahma." Hindus believe Lord Brahma created it through his mind. Believers travel here to bathe in and drink the water. They believe it washes away a lifetime of sins.
Buddhism: Buddhists believe this is the mythical Lake Anavatapta. Stories say Maya, the mother of Buddha, bathed here to purify her body before giving birth.
The Sun and the Moon: A saltwater lake named Lake Rakshastal sits just to the west. It has almost no plants or fish, so locals call it the "Ghost Lake." A small natural channel connects the two lakes. Believers see this pair of holy and ghostly, fresh and salty lakes as symbols of the sun and the moon.
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| 纳木那尼峰(Gurla Mandhata) |
| 纳木那尼峰(Gurla Mandhata) |
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| Day 7 |











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